What are the latest research conclusions on the sequelae of new

  • COVID-19 sequelae, also known as COVID-19 long-term symptoms, according to the clinical case definition announced by the World Health Organization in October 2021, COVID-19 sequelae usually occur within 3 months after the onset of infection with COVID-19, which can be certain new symptoms after recovery from acute infection, or the original symptoms Some symptoms persist during the acute infection period, and the symptoms last for at least 2 months. These symptoms can recur and cannot be explained by other diagnoses.

    According to global research results, COVID-19 sequelae cover a wide range of health problems, including: fatigue or fatigue, thinking disturbance or inability to concentrate, shortness of breath or difficulty, headache, dizziness, rapid heartbeat, chest pain, cough, joint or muscle pain, Depression or anxiety, fever, loss of smell or taste, and more. These symptoms can last for weeks, months or even longer.

    COVID-19 sequelae are common in severe cases, but can also occur in mild cases. Generally speaking, people who have been vaccinated have a much lower risk of developing sequelae after being infected with the post covid brain symptoms than those who have not been vaccinated.

    The best way to prevent COVID-19 sequelae is to prevent COVID-19 infection. Therefore, our country continues to adhere to the general strategy of "foreign defense import, internal defense rebound" and the general policy of "dynamic clearing", which is not only an important strategic means to control large-scale epidemics, but also an important method for us to prevent the new crown.

    A few key questions about long covid brain fog symptoms

    The new crown epidemic has entered the fourth year, and the number of cured patients and reinfection cases has increased over time. The subtypes BA.1 and BA.2 of the latest virus variant Omicron have dominated the global epidemic one after another, and are more contagious. Under the influence of several factors such as the general enhancement of natural immunity and the follow-up of drugs and therapies, the severe disease and fatality rates have been significantly reduced.

    The new coronavirus only appeared at the end of 2019, and the global pandemic began in early 2020. Therefore, there is a lack of long-term data research, and the existing definition can only be based on small-scale samples and short follow-up observations.

    Whether the long-term symptoms of the new crown will disappear, whether the patient will recover, and how long the sequelae can last, these questions are currently unanswered.

    What are the long-term symptoms of the new crown?

    The WHO stated in an official statement that the long-term symptoms of the new crown are the sequelae of the new crown. According to the clinical definition released by the World Health Organization in October 2021, this symptom usually occurs in people who have been diagnosed or may be infected with the new coronavirus, usually appear within 3 months after infection, last for at least 2 months, and cannot explained by other diagnoses.

    There is currently no uniform standard for the "long-term" time span. A British study says it will be followed for 25 years. It has only been more than two years since the initial discovery of the new coronavirus, which requires a longer period of observation and accumulation of relevant data. These symptoms may include:

    extremely tired
    shortness of breath, chest pain, or tightness
    memory and concentration problems (post covid brain fog)
    Changes in taste and smell
    joint pain

    Symptoms, severity, and medical history vary from person to person. By far the most common symptom is severe fatigue. Other symptoms include: muscle pain, hearing and vision problems, headaches, loss of taste and smell and damage to the heart, lungs, kidneys and intestines, diarrhea, and mental health problems including depression, anxiety and troubled thinking.

    The new coronavirus has not been around for a long time, and most studies of long-term symptoms are in the early stages. One of the studies found that the new coronavirus may affect the brain, causing a slight shrinkage in size after infection, and the other found abnormalities in the lungs of patients with long-term symptoms of the new crown.

    However, it must be noted that it is currently unknown what these changes mean, and whether they are permanent. The severity of long-term symptoms also varies from person to person, with some people having no effect on daily life at all, while others may find it very difficult.

    The official website of the NHS, the UK's national health care system, tells the public that there is no obvious relationship between the possibility of long-term symptoms and the severity and mildness or severity of symptoms during acute infection, and long-term symptoms may also occur in mild patients.

    What is the cause of the long crown?

    There is currently no uniform standard. Suspected patients will first be checked for other problems, such as diabetes, thyroid function, and iron deficiency, before confirming whether they have a "new crown". In the future it may be diagnosed with a blood test.

    Blood clots and damage to small blood vessels (microcoagulation) – Some of the symptoms of COVID-19 can be tiny clots that block the smallest blood vessels in our body, called capillaries. The job of capillaries is to provide oxygen and nutrients to every cell in the body and to remove metabolic waste. Clogged capillaries can lead to rapid cell damage and fatigue easily.
    Immune system disturbances - Inflammation is a normal response of the body to infection or injury, but proteins in the blood suggest inflammation from COVID-19 may be causing some symptoms. At the same time, antibodies from the autoimmune system have been shown to be able to adhere to human cells for a longer period of time along with the new coronavirus. Autoantibodies are antibodies that mistakenly attack or become entangled with body organs or tissues, and they cause different symptoms depending on what is being targeted and the form of the response.
    Persistent coronavirus infection - the infection begins in the lungs and airways, but the virus can also infect other parts of the body. There is still debate about whether the virus is excreted from the body after the recovery of the new crown patient. One scenario is that the virus lurks elsewhere in the body, likely in the gut already teeming with microbial life.
    Impaired metabolism - Damaged mitochondria can cause abnormalities in the body's ability to generate and use energy. Mitochondria, found in nearly all human cells, act like miniature power plants that convert energy from food into a form the body can use. One speculation is that the new coronavirus causes mitochondria to go into hibernation, like sabotage.
    Studies have also shown that the brain shrinks by 0.2 to 2 percent even after a mild infection, so unrepaired damage is a potential cause of symptoms like brain fog.

    There are a range of theories as to why the long covid brain fog treatment illness emerges in adults, ranging from the reactivation of a dormant virus, to residual virus fragments in the body, to a virus-induced autoimmune response. The same may be true in children, but another possible mechanism that has been thought to work in both children and adults is that the virus causes damage to the circulatory system.

    How to treat "long crown"? Can it be cured?
    Effective treatments are difficult to find until the causes and pathology leading to long-term symptoms of COVID-19 are identified, but experts believe the above areas of focus can at least serve as a guideline for further exploration.

    There is currently no proven drug treatment for "new crown", which mainly focuses on controlling symptoms and gradually increasing activities when possible.

    Research on how to better improve the lives of patients with "long crown" continues.

    The number of people with long-term symptoms of COVID-19 appears to be decreasing over time. However, the new coronavirus only appeared at the end of 2019 and began a global pandemic the following year, so there is a lack of long-term data studies.

    Professor Breitling of the University of Leicester told the BBC that his team clearly requested 25 years of long-term symptom follow-up of the new crown.

    But the concern is that even if COVID-19 patients appear to be recovering now, they may be at risk for life.

    People with chronic fatigue syndrome are more likely to have the syndrome again and worry that future infections may trigger more symptoms.

    Still more problems may arise in the future. For example, the World Health Organization has warned that the inflammation caused by the new coronavirus may lead to heart problems in young people.